Bereavement - How to Understand the Grief Process

Bereavement - Understanding and coping withAt this stage it has not yet been accepted that
Grief.the death is real. Perhaps your sub conscious is
"Only people who are capable of loving stronglyprotecting you to allow it to 'sink in' slowly so
can also suffer great sorrow, but this sameavoiding emotional overload. Others may even
necessity of loving serves to counteract theircomment that you are coping well. You may feel
grief and heals them." - Tolstoy'numbness' and a sense of disbelief.
In truth, no written words can 'cure' someoneSeparation and Pain
suffering with the loss of somebody whom theyAt this stage you may have feelings of intense
love.pining and yearning. These emotions can ebb and
Grief cannot be 'cured' anyway, but it canflow and can often give concern and be
eventually stop being as painful as you finddistressing for those close to you that are
yourself coming to terms and 'moving on,' butwitnessing this
how long will this take? This is an impossibleYou may find yourself asking others to reassure
question to answer and relies on many, manyyou that the person really has gone from your
factors. One thing that I am sure of though islife.
that it is better to travel the journey withYou are likely to have feelings of emptiness and
someone to support you than to do it alone.possibly keep 'seeing' the deceased.
Perhaps you are asking why has he written thisDespair
article if he cannot stop the horrible feelings ofThis can be a very dark place for the person
loss, feelings of hopelessness and depression?'grieving as the full realisation of a life without the
Well, that's a fair question and the answer is thatloved one now takes hold. Common thoughts
I can help you to understand the grief processinclude "what is the point of living without him
that you, and everyone at times in their lives, hasher?", "how will I cope on my own?" You may
to go through. By understanding this, you shouldfind it difficult to function normally, become absent
be better able to deal with the strong negativeminded or depressed.
emotions that you must feel. Also, recognizingAcceptance
that it is a process gives hope to the idea that itWhen you have passed through the previous
will end in spite of how you may be feelingstages you will start to believe in the possibility of
currently.'moving on'. This will initially be intellectual
The primary purposes of this article are thereforeacceptance as there will still be emotional mood
toswings and depressions at times. Anniversaries,
1) Offer the reader and understanding andbirthdays and other special times may still give
therefore help in dealing with the natural andproblems for a time. Resuming a social life may
painful process of grieving.give rise to feelings of guilt that your life is
2) To reassure you that the emotional andmoving on or that others may think that you
physical reactions that you may be going throughhave now forgotten the deceased.
are normal and perhaps even necessary.Resolution and re-organization
3) To explain why help will be of great benefit inHaving got to this stage, you will now be able to
supporting and guiding you through the stages ofdiscuss your loved person with others and recall
the grieving process and what form the helpfond memories without becoming upset. You shall
takes.also be able to lead a full social life without feelings
It has been written by me, as a Psychotherapist,of guilt.
and will hopefully be of interest and benefit toFeelings, behaviors, thoughts and physical
several types of readers:a) Someone who hasresponses on your journey
had a recent loss and is finding it hard to come toLet's have a look at some of the above. By being
terms with it.b) Someone who is anticipating a lossaware and exploring these sensations, may help
fairly soon and wishes to prepare for it.c)you to realize that these are normal responses
Someone who has had a loss sometime ago andand ones that you can work through.
feels that they are still not over the pain.Feelings:
Before we begin looking into this importantAnger, perhaps at the person who has left you.
process, I need to clarify a couple of things.Certainly, God regularly gets an ear bashing!
Firstly, what is grief? We can define it as theGuilt, perhaps at having anger, perhaps because
psychological reaction to loss. We usually think ofyou have survived, perhaps you don't know why.
the death of someone dear to us, but we alsoAnxiety: For those having experienced an
grieve for any loss in our lives that we considerunexpected death of a loved one, you are now
significant.plunged into an uncertain future and may have
These losses could include the loss of our ownconcerns as to how you will cope, ever be happy
childhood if this was unpleasant, divorce, having aagain or perhaps even exist.
miscarriage or losing your job etc.Emptiness, aching, loneliness as you are constantly
The first part of this article will introduce somereminded of their absence.
background topics that will help give anTiredness/fatigue are very common symptoms
understanding as to why this natural process canwhich perhaps slow us down a bit and help with
be so difficult.the healing process.
BackgroundYearning is yet another common and perfectly
The process of grieving is a natural part of thenatural occurrence. As you move toward
human life experience. It is experienced differentlyacceptance, this need will lessen.
by each of us and is affected by many factorsOther common signs: Confusion, worries about
which include culture, beliefs and the other lossnot saying goodbye, obsessive thoughts about
experiences that we have had.the deceased, hallucinations, sleep problems,
However, being a natural process is not enough toabsent mindedness and many more.
ensure that we are able to come to terms withIf you have religious beliefs, these can often be
our loss and 'move on' to adjust our lives andchallenged at this difficult time. As mentioned
begin to function effectively again. Westernearlier, God can be a focus for blame and
society has been in a state of constant changeunanswerable questions that can then make us
for many years. This in itself offers stress andfeel guilty.
anxiety for many individuals. It has impacted on allPathological aspects
aspects of our lives which includes the way weYou may hear this word which simply means that
view matters such as grieving.the grief process is perhaps excessive in its
Social changes have seen a decline in what usedintensity say, resulting in certain types of
to be support structures. Families used to livebehaviour or symptoms. These could include:
very near to each other, religion was strong andQuite severe depression
central to many communities, our local doctorsDifficulties in talking about the deceased without
knew us and understood us, good neighbors andintense emotional reaction.
others in the local community would be availableExcessive euphoria after the death.
to help in times of need. The decline of theseI do not want to dwell on these because you
support structures often means that we aremay start to incorrectly analyze your feelings and
(feel) more isolated thereby limiting ourthis is not the purpose of this article. If you
opportunities to share and express our emotion.believe, or others tell you, that you are
Are you able to openly show you feelings?overreacting or use language that suggests this,
Generally, men find this more difficult thanthen see a mental health professional who is best
women, at least in western society. Men arequalified to help you through.
often raised being told nonsense such as "big boysI hope that you found this information comforting
don't cry", "real men keep their emotions underinsofar as all those bereaved suffer some if not
control" etc. Bottling it all up is not healthy. It is atmost of these 'symptoms'. I also hope that you
the funeral that men can often allow themselvescan begin to realize that it can be very difficult to
to cry just a bit.see your own way through this 'fog' of negative
Funerals play a very important part in sayingemotion. Without support, some can become
goodbye and in the acceptance of the fact that a'stuck' at a particular stage which is clearly
loved one is no longer part of our physical lives.undesirable. So where can support be found and
You will also be able to look at the life of thewhat can be expected?
deceased and see him or her in terms ofIf you have a close and caring family this can be
celebrating that life rather than focusing on theira great help at least at the beginning but at some
death and absence. However, these often takepoint you may need professional help. This can be
place too soon after a death and can beprovided by someone from your religious
perceived as a hurried affair. The friends andcommunity, voluntary grief workers or
relatives attending the service will be good forprofessional mental health professionals such as
you due to the support they offer, but after thepsychotherapists and grief counselors.
service and follow up function, they leave perhapsWhat can you expect?
taking with them that support.The person that you select to accompany you on
This 'hurried', 'compacted' activity contributes to ayour journey through grief should offer these
your having a shorter time to fully grieve than isqualities:a) He/She recognizes that it is your
necessary.journey and that you set the pace and
Other difficulties include the way that friends,timescales.b) He/She listens to you and only
relatives and work colleagues relate to you.speaks when needed or when appropriate.c)
Perhaps they are too sympathetic, perhaps theyOffering an environment that you accept as a
avoid the subject (or you) altogether, perhaps'safe place to cry'.d) He/She travels 'beside' you
they irritate by saying empty, albeit well meaningon this painful journey, guiding gently, always
phrases like, " I know exactly how you feel......",supportive.e) NEVER be judgmental.
"time is a great healer.."etc..Finding the appropriate companion for your
So let's have a look at the process in more detail.journey of grief can be done through voluntary
The field of grief counseling has benefited greatlyagencies such as Citizens Advice Bureau (UK), age
from many dedicated and inspired researcherssupport organizations, religious groups and
such as Elizabeth Kubler Ross, J William Worden.counseling/therapy practitioners which can be
Their work and the contribution of clinicalfound in the yellow pages or online.
experience have shown that all loss has to goI wish you well on your difficult and painful
through stages. As previously mentioned, there isjourney and leave you with the knowledge that it
no fixed timescale involved as we are all affectedis perfectly possible to come through this
by grief differently. How we react also dependsexperience and to be able to get on with your life
greatly on the nature and circumstances of theagain. This does not mean that you will forget the
death, but in general:one you have lost. You have simply adjusted
Shockyour life.